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br Conclusions A large body of evidence
2024-04-09
Conclusions A large body of evidence indicates that oxidative stress is involved in the pathogenesis of NDDs. Hence, reducing oxidative stress or suppressing its downstream pathways may be beneficial for the treatment of these diseases, especially such chronic diseases as AD or glaucoma. Here we
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Songbirds are outstanding models in the study
2024-04-09
Songbirds are outstanding models in the study of vocal communication (Maney and Pinaud, 2011). Following the pioneering studies of William H. Thorpe and Peter Marler on the development of song in chaffinches (Fringilla coelebs) and white-crowned sparrows (Zonotrichia leucophrys) (Marler, 2004; Thorp
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epinastine hydrochloride The neural circuitry involved in th
2024-04-09
The neural circuitry involved in the production of the EOD, its modulations, and in the sensory processing of communication signals has been well characterized (Bell and Maler, 2005; Chacron et al., 2011; Krahe and Maler, 2014; reviewed in Metzner, 1999). Pacemaker cells located in the pacemaker nuc
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The finding of the apelin APJ
2024-04-09
The finding of the apelin/APJ axis represents an impressive event in cardiovascular studies. As a result of various experimental and clinical studies conducted in vivo and in vitro, it has been indicated that apelin/APJ is a crucial mediator of cardiovascular homeostasis, which takes part in the pat
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However joint reviews and the
2024-04-08
However, joint reviews and the consensus from experts offer disparate recommendations with regard to their management in the context of anesthesia, whereas some reviews [6], [7] set out certain doubts regarding their use during the perioperative period. On the other hand, the guidelines for the mana
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Androgen receptor translocates from the
2024-04-08
Androgen receptor translocates from the cytoplasm to the nucleus after binding to its ligands (Quigley et al., 1995). In the current study, although propofol did not significantly affect total androgen receptor protein levels, it significantly decreased nuclear androgen receptor levels. These findin
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The first and the best characterized mechanism of receptor d
2024-04-08
The first and the best-characterized mechanism of receptor-dependent internalization of Aβ is mediated via the α7-nicotinic azidothymidine australia receptor [82]. Lipoprotein receptor protein represents the second best-studied route that facilitates the uptake of Aβ by neurons, involving additiona
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The molecular mechanisms that mediate the plasticity of the
2024-04-08
The molecular mechanisms that mediate the plasticity of the NMJ are not well understood. PGC-1α is a master regulator of the NMJ gene expression program 23, 24, and thus AMPK might indirectly regulate the NMJ via its broad influence on the coactivator. Cerveró et al.[6] recently provided more direct
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BITC significantly enhanced the gene expression of
2024-04-08
BITC significantly enhanced the gene expression of the Nrf2-dependent genes, such as NQO1 and HO-1 (Fig. 4), as well as the ALDH genes (Fig. 2). Nrf2 is a key transcriptional factor which activates the expression of the genes that contain ARE in their promoter. Nrf2 translocates to the nucleus where
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In a recent series of studies from
2024-04-08
In a recent series of studies from our laboratory, to characterize the contractile systems within the rat RG7227 wall, three conditions were identified that led to detrusor activity: spontaneous micro-contractions, electrical field stimulated (EFS) contractions and muscarinic agonist induced contra
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The finding that OCT is expressed in the nucleus
2024-04-08
The finding that OCT3 is expressed in the nucleus accumbens (Gasser et al., 2009) suggests that inhibition of this transporter may underlie previously described effects of glucocorticoids on extracellular DA concentrations and indicates that DA clearance in this region is not mediated exclusively by
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The extent to which GPCR oligomerization is a
2024-04-08
The extent to which GPCR oligomerization is a regulated process still remains unclear. Reported effects of ligands on both GPCR homo- and heteromers are highly variable and depend on GPCR subtypes and the specific ligand used. According to our data, chronic treatment of mice with both paroxetine or
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Introduction hydroxytryptamine HT is found throughout
2024-04-08
Introduction 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) is found throughout the body and influences smooth muscle activity in various tissues including the intestine, vasculature and urinary Licofelone synthesis (Kim and Camilleri, 2000, Klarskov and Horby-Petersen, 1986, Mohammad-Zadeh et al., 2008). The current
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Our published data showed that in mouse heart the protein
2024-04-08
Our published data showed that, in mouse heart, the protein level of WDR1 was highest during the embryonic stage, but became progressively decreased to a constant level from birth to adulthood (Yuan et al., 2014), indicating an important role of WDR1 in embryonic heart development. However, function
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PF also a dual Aurora A and Aurora B
2024-04-08
PF-03814735, also a dual Aurora-A and Aurora-B inhibitor, was administered in a phase I dose escalation study in a 3-weekly Tiopronin for 5 or 10 consecutive days [69], [70]. To date 25 patients have been included in 7 dose levels (5–100mg/day for 5 days). Using the 5-day schedule the MTD was define
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