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To compare glucose metabolism via oxidative
2021-07-31
To compare glucose metabolism via oxidative phosphorylation to that via glycolysis, a bioenergetics plot was constructed (Fig. 3A). In most cells, a decrease in one bioenergetics pathway is compensated by an increase in the other. However, following NAT1 deletion, there was a decrease in both oxidat
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The IP R is a ubiquitously expressed Ca
2021-07-31
The IP3R is a ubiquitously expressed Ca2+-release channel from the ER, activated by IP3, produced upon cellular stimulation by hormones, growth factors or neurotransmitters. Three genes are coding for the IP3R and their gene products (IP3R1, IP3R2, IP3R3) assemble in functional homo- or heterotetram
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Among prostaglandins PG PGD remained
2021-07-31
Among prostaglandins (PG), PGD2 remained the most elusive species for a long time and was initially regarded as having negligible biological activity [1]. In 1974 its inhibitory effect on platelet aggregation was discovered by Smith et al. [2] and Mills & McFarlain [3], and both pressor and depress
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Interestingly ASV infusion in the dRN of
2021-07-31
Interestingly, ASV-30 infusion in the dRN of saline pre-treated rats had no effect on anxiety-like behaviors. This result may be due to the saline pre-treated group exhibiting relatively low levels of anxiety-like behaviors (when compared to saline pre-treated rat of the first experiment that were n
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Within the BLA both CRF and the
2021-07-31
Within the BLA, both CRF and the CRF1 receptor have been shown to functionally regulate synaptic activity. In vivo, CRF release into the BLA originates from projections from the CeA (Roozendaal, Brunson, Holloway, McGaugh, & Baram, 2002). Central administration of both CRF and CRF1 agonists has been
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Recently we have observed that pharmacological
2021-07-31
Recently, we have observed that pharmacological PPARα and PPARβ/δ activation regulates the expression of genes involved in FA metabolism such as FAT/CD36, CPT1, LCAD and MCAD in Sertoli cells. We have also observed that PPARβ/δ activation can simultaneously regulate the expression of the above-menti
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Methylated CpGs can recruit transcriptional co repressors to
2021-07-31
Methylated CpGs can recruit transcriptional co-repressors to prevent transcription factors (TFs) from promoting gene expression by tightly packing flap inhibitor structures [38]. Two CpG islands in the IPT5b promoter region showed higher methylation level in M9 rootstock compared to Mr (Fig. 3b). H
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Among the other mediators which
2021-07-31
Among the other mediators which have been reported to play a role in erection are prostaglandins (PGs). Several studies have reported that alprostadil- synthetic PGE1- showed high efficacy in management of erectile dysfunction as it induces corpus cavernosal relaxation. Alprostadil has been first de
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It is generally thought that
2021-07-31
It is generally thought that the nature of a memorial and the meaning attributed to it HOBt by a tourist determines, at least in part, the behaviour that is socially appropriate (Mayo, 1988). Duncan (1995) argues however, that certain places are structured in such a way that they facilitate ritual p
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br Introduction br Multiple levels of CK AKT cross
2021-07-31
Introduction Multiple levels of CK2/AKT cross-talk Isoform-specific signaling in CK2/AKT cross-talk Particularly relevant to the scope of this review, it has been shown that depletion of the CK2 catalytic α′ subunit is more effective than that of the α subunit at reducing AKT Ser129 phospho
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A widely accepted mechanism to differentiate hESCs into card
2021-07-31
A widely accepted mechanism to differentiate hESCs into cardiomyocytes is through perturbation of the canonical Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Initial Wnt activation is required to form the Viroptic [3]. Thereafter, it is believed that inhibition of the canonical Wnt/β-catenin pathway is pivotal for cardiom
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In rodents but not humans two splice
2021-07-31
In rodents but not humans, two splice variants of Chk are identified as Ntk and Ctk, which possess and lack the N-terminal unique domain, respectively. While Ctk is abundantly expressed in the brain, Ntk is selectively restricted to myeloid and lymphoid cells, especially megakaryocytes [31]. This ra
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br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion
2021-07-30
Materials and methods Results Discussion This study demonstrates that various progestogens combined with E2 had different effects on breast cell growth. These effects had an inverse correlation with the changes of the PRA/PRB ratio. E2's antiapoptotic effects on MCF-7 cetyltrimethylammonium
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To develop antagonists selective for
2021-07-30
To develop antagonists selective for the mouse EP1 receptor, we started with compound (), synthesized as previously described (). Diethyl dipicolinic Tioconazole mg () was reduced with NaBH to . Parikh–Doering oxidation of with sulfur trioxide–pyridine complex and DMSO produced the unstable aldeh
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br Experimental Procedures br Author Contributions br Acknow
2021-07-30
Experimental Procedures Author Contributions Acknowledgments Introduction Germinal centers (GCs) form in secondary lymphoid organs of vertebrates in response to challenge with T-cell-dependent antigens. After extrafollicular and follicular interactions with cognate antigen and T helper c
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