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5-alpha reductase inhibitors Testosterone can be converted i
2025-02-24
Testosterone can be converted into estrogens by aromatase action. Aromatase is encoded by CYP19, belongs to cytochrome P450 superfamily, and synthesizes estradiol (E2) and estrone (E1) from testosterone and androstenedione respectively (Fig. 1). Aromatase is expressed in the ORS of anagen hair folli
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Platelet derived growth factor PDGF and ciliary neurotrophic
2025-02-24
Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) are expressed by glial PR-619 and are important to neuron survival and the maintenance of oligodendrocytes. These neurotrophic factors contribute to the remyelination process by increasing the proliferation of oligodendrocy
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We also found that the size
2025-02-24
We also found that the size of mEPSC amplitude was reduced in unc-43 mutants, consistent with the decrease in synaptic GLR-1/GLR-2 heteromeric receptors. The decrease in mEPSC amplitude was not as great as that observed when measuring current in response to pressure application of glutamate. These d
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SNDX-275 br Experimental section br Abbreviations PSA puromy
2025-02-24
Experimental section Abbreviations PSA, puromycin–sensitive aminopeptidase; APN, aminopeptidase N; AML, acute myeloid Leukemia; ALL, acute lymphoblastic leukemia; AADR, amino SNDX-275 deprivation response; PAN, puromycin aminonucleoside; DCC, dicyclohexyl carbodiimide; NHS, N–hydroxy succinim
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The reactions and the control mechanisms described are all
2025-02-24
The reactions and the control mechanisms described are all supported by observations. For example the reactions require that different compounds are formed in different groups of tolbutamide cells and this has been observed [15]. Intravenous injection of glycine results in reduced utilisation of gl
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br Hypothesis The hypothesis is that AhR in
2025-02-24
Hypothesis The hypothesis is that AhR in skin diseases could be an objective of study for future dermatological therapies. Both stimulation and inhibition of the receptor might have significant influences on neoplastic or inflammatory skin diseases. However, at present the functions of AhR are un
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Young et al described the role
2025-02-24
Young et al. [40] described the role of adenine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in the translocation of GLUT4 in the heart. The AMPK is activated during muscle contraction [74] by converting AMP to ATP. The adenosine analog, 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide (AICAR), is a c
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br AChE variants and their functions The
2025-02-21
AChE variants and their functions The AChE gene generates several splice variants of AChE which are designated as hydrophobic (H), readthrough (R) and tailed (T) forms differing in membrane association and also localisation on a tissue and sub-cellular level. They all undergo significant posttran
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In order to increase the oral bioavailability abiraterone is
2025-02-21
In order to increase the oral bioavailability, abiraterone (157) is being used in the form of its 3β-acetoxy prodrug, abiraterone acetate (156). In spite of the fact that high-fat meals increase the oral MAFP of abiraterone acetate (156), it is recommended that this drug should be taken on an empty
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br ATX LPA pathway in animal models of
2025-02-21
ATX–LPA pathway in animal models of rheumatoid arthritis Several animal models have been used to characterize the mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of arthritis and to test new therapeutic strategies. The collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) model (Courtenay et al., 1980, Luross and Williams, 2
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Several genes related to metabolism post transcriptional reg
2025-02-21
Several genes related to metabolism, post-transcriptional regulation, chromatin structure, and signaling pathways are required for the sexual development and virulence of G. zeae (Baldwin et al., 2010, Bluhm et al., 2007, Ding et al., 2009, Han et al., 2007, Hou et al., 2002, Jenczmionka et al., 20
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TLX may promote survival and prevent
2025-02-21
TLX may promote survival and prevent apoptosis in NB vorapaxar cream [12]. Here, we ask whether the survival-promoting effects of TLX are mediated by Apoptosis Signal-regulating Kinase-1 (ASK1, MAP3K5). ASK1 is a member of the Mitogen-Activated Protein (MAP) kinase family and it preferentially acti
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br Results br Discussion br STAR Methods br
2025-02-21
Results Discussion STAR★Methods Author Contributions Acknowledgments We thank Angela Walker for assistance with the manuscript; Junlin Liu, Xiangxiang Gu, Na Chen, Lu Xue, and the BV Core Facility of iHuman Institute for their support; scientists and colleagues at Amgen Inc., Zhulun W
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LMK 235 br STAR Methods br Author Contributions br Acknowled
2025-02-21
STAR★Methods Author Contributions Acknowledgments We thank Craig D. Wenger and Neva C. Durand for helpful advice, guidance, and discussions. D.H.P. is supported by the NIH National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI) (grant R00HG008662) and the Damon Runyon Cancer Research Foundation (D
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Angiogenesis refers to the formation of
2025-02-21
Angiogenesis refers to the formation of new blood vessels from pre-existing vasculature [1]. Physiological angiogenesis is necessary for key processes such as wound healing, tissue regeneration and repair. In pathological conditions, including cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, cancer, and other pat
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